NMA with no covariates
We fit a random effects model using the nma() function
with trt_effects = "random". We use \(\mathrm{N}(0, 100^2)\) prior distributions
for the treatment effects \(d_k\) and
study-specific intercepts \(\mu_j\),
and a \(\textrm{half-N}(5^2)\) prior
for the heterogeneity standard deviation \(\tau\). We can examine the range of
parameter values implied by these prior distributions with the
summary() method:
summary(normal(scale = 100))
#> A Normal prior distribution: location = 0, scale = 100.
#> 50% of the prior density lies between -67.45 and 67.45.
#> 95% of the prior density lies between -196 and 196.
summary(half_normal(scale = 5))
#> A half-Normal prior distribution: location = 0, scale = 5.
#> 50% of the prior density lies between 0 and 3.37.
#> 95% of the prior density lies between 0 and 9.8.
Fitting the model with the nma() function. We increase
the target acceptance rate adapt_delta = 0.99 to minimise
divergent transition warnings.
af_fit_1 <- nma(af_net,
trt_effects = "random",
prior_intercept = normal(scale = 100),
prior_trt = normal(scale = 100),
prior_het = half_normal(scale = 5),
adapt_delta = 0.99)
#> Note: Setting "Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant" as the network reference treatment.
Basic parameter summaries are given by the print()
method:
af_fit_1
#> A random effects NMA with a binomial likelihood (logit link).
#> Inference for Stan model: binomial_1par.
#> 4 chains, each with iter=2000; warmup=1000; thin=1;
#> post-warmup draws per chain=1000, total post-warmup draws=4000.
#>
#> mean se_mean sd 2.5% 25% 50%
#> d[Acenocoumarol] -0.80 0.01 0.80 -2.46 -1.31 -0.76
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -1.03 0.02 1.39 -4.40 -1.83 -0.89
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.59 0.01 0.44 -0.27 0.31 0.61
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.93 0.01 0.40 0.16 0.66 0.92
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.47 0.01 0.44 -0.46 0.21 0.48
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.89 0.01 0.32 0.23 0.68 0.89
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.51 0.01 0.76 -1.02 0.02 0.52
#> d[Indobufen] 0.24 0.01 0.46 -0.66 -0.05 0.24
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.29 0.01 0.38 -1.04 -0.54 -0.29
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.61 0.00 0.21 0.20 0.48 0.61
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.51 0.01 0.36 -0.24 0.31 0.52
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.27 0.01 0.47 -0.65 -0.04 0.27
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.39 0.00 0.20 -0.02 0.26 0.39
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.76 0.00 0.20 0.36 0.63 0.76
#> d[Triflusal] 0.63 0.01 0.61 -0.56 0.23 0.62
#> d[Ximelagatran] -0.09 0.00 0.26 -0.64 -0.25 -0.09
#> lp__ -5000.80 0.22 7.42 -5016.17 -5005.75 -5000.39
#> tau 0.28 0.01 0.14 0.04 0.18 0.27
#> 75% 97.5% n_eff Rhat
#> d[Acenocoumarol] -0.26 0.73 3619 1
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -0.05 1.27 3181 1
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.89 1.45 3363 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 1.19 1.70 3253 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.76 1.32 2735 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1.10 1.50 3404 1
#> d[High dose aspirin] 1.02 1.97 4685 1
#> d[Indobufen] 0.53 1.14 3618 1
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.04 0.44 3466 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.75 1.04 2160 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.72 1.21 3514 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.58 1.20 2790 1
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.51 0.76 2707 1
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.88 1.13 1781 1
#> d[Triflusal] 1.02 1.83 3188 1
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.07 0.44 3028 1
#> lp__ -4995.54 -4987.55 1087 1
#> tau 0.36 0.59 635 1
#>
#> Samples were drawn using NUTS(diag_e) at Tue Jan 9 17:59:08 2024.
#> For each parameter, n_eff is a crude measure of effective sample size,
#> and Rhat is the potential scale reduction factor on split chains (at
#> convergence, Rhat=1).
By default, summaries of the study-specific intercepts \(\mu_j\) and study-specific relative effects
\(\delta_{jk}\) are hidden, but could
be examined by changing the pars argument:
# Not run
print(af_fit_1, pars = c("d", "mu", "delta"))
The prior and posterior distributions can be compared visually using
the plot_prior_posterior() function:
plot_prior_posterior(af_fit_1, prior = c("trt", "het"))
We can compute relative effects against placebo/standard care with
the relative_effects() function with the
trt_ref argument:
(af_1_releff <- relative_effects(af_fit_1, trt_ref = "Placebo/Standard care"))
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5% Bulk_ESS
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.76 0.20 -1.13 -0.88 -0.76 -0.63 -0.36 1810
#> d[Acenocoumarol] -1.56 0.82 -3.25 -2.07 -1.52 -1.00 0.01 3675
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -1.79 1.38 -5.06 -2.58 -1.64 -0.81 0.46 4123
#> d[Dipyridamole] -0.16 0.42 -0.98 -0.43 -0.16 0.11 0.63 4880
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.17 0.43 -0.70 -0.12 0.17 0.46 1.02 3066
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] -0.28 0.40 -1.10 -0.52 -0.28 -0.03 0.51 3888
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.13 0.37 -0.60 -0.11 0.13 0.37 0.86 3162
#> d[High dose aspirin] -0.24 0.76 -1.76 -0.74 -0.24 0.26 1.20 5348
#> d[Indobufen] -0.51 0.49 -1.48 -0.83 -0.53 -0.20 0.47 3205
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.05 0.36 -1.76 -1.29 -1.05 -0.81 -0.34 4975
#> d[Low dose aspirin] -0.14 0.21 -0.55 -0.28 -0.14 0.00 0.27 4033
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] -0.25 0.41 -1.06 -0.50 -0.25 -0.01 0.59 3167
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] -0.49 0.44 -1.35 -0.79 -0.49 -0.21 0.39 4030
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] -0.37 0.22 -0.82 -0.51 -0.37 -0.23 0.06 2964
#> d[Triflusal] -0.13 0.64 -1.39 -0.55 -0.13 0.29 1.14 3218
#> d[Ximelagatran] -0.84 0.33 -1.50 -1.04 -0.85 -0.65 -0.18 2285
#> Tail_ESS Rhat
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1925 1
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 3166 1
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 2582 1
#> d[Dipyridamole] 3306 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 3114 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 2742 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 2734 1
#> d[High dose aspirin] 3311 1
#> d[Indobufen] 2578 1
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3087 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 3000 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 2473 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 2993 1
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 3129 1
#> d[Triflusal] 2685 1
#> d[Ximelagatran] 1980 1
These estimates can easily be plotted with the plot()
method:
plot(af_1_releff, ref_line = 0)
We can also produce treatment rankings, rank probabilities, and
cumulative rank probabilities.
(af_1_ranks <- posterior_ranks(af_fit_1))
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5% Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS
#> rank[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 5.33 1.45 3 4 5 6 8.00 2382 2934
#> rank[Acenocoumarol] 2.92 2.93 1 1 2 3 13.00 3916 3370
#> rank[Alternate day aspirin] 3.74 4.34 1 1 2 5 16.00 4798 3568
#> rank[Dipyridamole] 11.33 3.74 4 9 12 14 17.00 4225 NA
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin] 14.13 3.00 7 13 15 16 17.00 2957 NA
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 10.13 3.85 3 7 10 13 17.00 4049 2672
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 14.09 2.67 8 13 15 16 17.00 3527 NA
#> rank[High dose aspirin] 10.32 5.24 2 6 11 16 17.00 4845 NA
#> rank[Indobufen] 8.05 3.92 2 5 8 11 16.00 3349 2952
#> rank[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3.79 2.21 1 2 3 5 10.00 3887 3581
#> rank[Low dose aspirin] 11.74 2.18 7 10 12 13 16.00 3523 3515
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 10.49 3.48 4 8 10 13 17.00 3318 2782
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 8.15 3.88 2 5 8 11 16.00 3683 3248
#> rank[Medium dose aspirin] 9.17 2.14 5 8 9 11 14.00 3578 3450
#> rank[Placebo/Standard care] 13.43 1.81 10 12 14 15 16.03 3499 3261
#> rank[Triflusal] 11.33 4.63 3 7 12 16 17.00 3325 NA
#> rank[Ximelagatran] 4.86 2.27 2 3 4 6 11.00 2457 2301
#> Rhat
#> rank[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1
#> rank[Acenocoumarol] 1
#> rank[Alternate day aspirin] 1
#> rank[Dipyridamole] 1
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin] 1
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[High dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Indobufen] 1
#> rank[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1
#> rank[Low dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 1
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 1
#> rank[Medium dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Placebo/Standard care] 1
#> rank[Triflusal] 1
#> rank[Ximelagatran] 1
plot(af_1_ranks)
(af_1_rankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_1))
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4] p_rank[5]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.01 0.08 0.19 0.28
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.37 0.31 0.10 0.05 0.04
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.48 0.17 0.06 0.04 0.03
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05
#> d[Indobufen] 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.08
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.08 0.23 0.26 0.16 0.09
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.07
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Triflusal] 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.02 0.09 0.19 0.21 0.17
#> p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8] p_rank[9] p_rank[10]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.24 0.13 0.05 0.02 0.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.08
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
#> d[Indobufen] 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.07
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.12
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.10 0.11
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.07
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.06 0.12 0.18 0.20 0.17
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04
#> d[Triflusal] 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.12 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.02
#> p_rank[11] p_rank[12] p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.09
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.14
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.08 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.06
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.16
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06
#> d[Indobufen] 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.16 0.18 0.16 0.11 0.07
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.07
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.11 0.08 0.04 0.02 0.01
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.08 0.14 0.21 0.22 0.18
#> d[Triflusal] 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.00 0.00
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.02
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.08 0.07
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.21 0.24
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.05 0.05
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.22 0.17
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.08 0.18
#> d[Indobufen] 0.03 0.02
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.03 0.01
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.05 0.04
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.03 0.02
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.09 0.03
#> d[Triflusal] 0.11 0.17
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00
plot(af_1_rankprobs)
(af_1_cumrankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_1, cumulative = TRUE))
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4] p_rank[5]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.29 0.57
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.37 0.68 0.78 0.83 0.86
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.48 0.65 0.71 0.75 0.78
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.07
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.13
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.08 0.14 0.19 0.24
#> d[Indobufen] 0.01 0.05 0.12 0.21 0.29
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.08 0.31 0.57 0.72 0.82
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.07
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.05 0.13 0.21 0.28
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Triflusal] 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.14
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.02 0.11 0.30 0.51 0.68
#> p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8] p_rank[9] p_rank[10]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.80 0.93 0.98 1.00 1.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.89 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.80 0.83 0.86 0.88 0.89
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.12 0.17 0.24 0.32 0.41
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.10 0.14
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.19 0.26 0.36 0.45 0.54
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.12
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.29 0.34 0.40 0.45 0.50
#> d[Indobufen] 0.40 0.50 0.59 0.66 0.73
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.88 0.93 0.96 0.97 0.99
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.16 0.28
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.12 0.20 0.31 0.41 0.52
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.37 0.47 0.57 0.66 0.72
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.09 0.21 0.39 0.58 0.75
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.06
#> d[Triflusal] 0.19 0.25 0.31 0.37 0.43
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.80 0.88 0.93 0.96 0.97
#> p_rank[11] p_rank[12] p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.99
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.95 0.96
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.49 0.58 0.66 0.76 0.85
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.19 0.25 0.32 0.41 0.55
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.62 0.71 0.78 0.84 0.90
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.17 0.24 0.33 0.45 0.61
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.55 0.59 0.64 0.68 0.74
#> d[Indobufen] 0.80 0.85 0.89 0.92 0.95
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.45 0.63 0.78 0.90 0.96
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.61 0.70 0.77 0.85 0.92
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.79 0.84 0.89 0.92 0.96
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.86 0.93 0.97 0.99 1.00
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.14 0.28 0.48 0.70 0.88
#> d[Triflusal] 0.48 0.53 0.58 0.64 0.73
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 1.00 1
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.98 1
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.93 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.76 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.95 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.83 1
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.82 1
#> d[Indobufen] 0.98 1
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.99 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.96 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.98 1
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.98 1
#> d[Triflusal] 0.83 1
#> d[Ximelagatran] 1.00 1
plot(af_1_cumrankprobs)
Network meta-regression adjusting for proportion of prior
stroke
We now consider a meta-regression model adjusting for the proportion
of individuals in each study with prior stroke, with shared interaction
coefficients by treatment class. The regression model is specified in
the nma() function using a formula in the
regression argument. The formula ~ .trt:stroke
means that interactions of prior stroke with treatment will be included;
the .trt special variable indicates treatment, and
stroke is in the original data set. We specify
class_interactions = "common" to denote that the
interaction parameters are to be common (i.e. shared) between treatments
within each class. (Setting
class_interactions = "independent" would fit model 2 of
Cooper et al. (2009) with separate interactions for
each treatment, data permitting.) We use the same prior distributions as
above, but additionally require a prior distribution for the regression
coefficients prior_reg; we use a \(\mathrm{N}(0, 100^2)\) prior distribution.
The QR
decomposition can greatly improve the efficiency of sampling for
regression models by decorrelating the sampling space; we specify that
this should be used with QR = TRUE, and increase the target
acceptance rate adapt_delta = 0.99 to minimise divergent
transition warnings.
af_fit_4b <- nma(af_net,
trt_effects = "random",
regression = ~ .trt:stroke,
class_interactions = "common",
QR = TRUE,
prior_intercept = normal(scale = 100),
prior_trt = normal(scale = 100),
prior_reg = normal(scale = 100),
prior_het = half_normal(scale = 5),
adapt_delta = 0.99)
#> Note: Setting "Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant" as the network reference treatment.
#> Warning: There were 9 divergent transitions after warmup. See
#> https://mc-stan.org/misc/warnings.html#divergent-transitions-after-warmup
#> to find out why this is a problem and how to eliminate them.
#> Warning: Examine the pairs() plot to diagnose sampling problems
Basic parameter summaries are given by the print()
method:
af_fit_4b
#> A random effects NMA with a binomial likelihood (logit link).
#> Regression model: ~.trt:stroke.
#> Centred covariates at the following overall mean values:
#> stroke
#> 0.2957377
#> Inference for Stan model: binomial_1par.
#> 4 chains, each with iter=2000; warmup=1000; thin=1;
#> post-warmup draws per chain=1000, total post-warmup draws=4000.
#>
#> mean se_mean sd 2.5% 25% 50%
#> beta[.trtclassControl:stroke] 0.70 0.01 0.44 -0.17 0.41 0.70
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 0.93 0.01 0.41 0.09 0.66 0.92
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 3.87 0.03 2.12 -0.22 2.45 3.85
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.36 0.01 0.99 -1.67 -0.29 0.36
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -0.94 0.03 1.48 -4.26 -1.68 -0.75
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.58 0.01 0.41 -0.23 0.31 0.58
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.65 0.01 0.38 -0.08 0.39 0.64
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 1.45 0.01 0.75 -0.04 0.97 1.44
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1.00 0.00 0.30 0.41 0.80 0.99
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.43 0.01 0.75 -1.03 -0.09 0.44
#> d[Indobufen] -0.41 0.01 0.48 -1.38 -0.72 -0.42
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.43 0.01 0.37 -1.14 -0.68 -0.42
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.72 0.00 0.20 0.34 0.59 0.72
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.65 0.01 0.28 0.10 0.48 0.64
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.25 0.01 0.42 -0.61 -0.03 0.26
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.35 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.23 0.35
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.79 0.00 0.19 0.43 0.67 0.79
#> d[Triflusal] 0.93 0.01 0.59 -0.20 0.52 0.92
#> d[Ximelagatran] -0.08 0.01 0.22 -0.49 -0.21 -0.08
#> lp__ -5016.74 0.20 6.88 -5030.95 -5021.36 -5016.39
#> tau 0.18 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.09 0.17
#> 75% 97.5% n_eff Rhat
#> beta[.trtclassControl:stroke] 0.98 1.58 4562 1
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 1.19 1.74 4632 1
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 5.27 8.07 5145 1
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 1.03 2.23 4777 1
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.04 1.28 2135 1
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.85 1.34 5133 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.89 1.44 4750 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 1.95 2.91 5772 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1.19 1.60 4025 1
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.95 1.88 7699 1
#> d[Indobufen] -0.09 0.55 2929 1
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.18 0.29 5180 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.85 1.10 4963 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.82 1.23 2482 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.53 1.07 5688 1
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.46 0.69 4757 1
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.91 1.16 5067 1
#> d[Triflusal] 1.32 2.14 5086 1
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.05 0.36 1812 1
#> lp__ -5011.73 -5004.46 1144 1
#> tau 0.26 0.46 457 1
#>
#> Samples were drawn using NUTS(diag_e) at Tue Jan 9 17:59:35 2024.
#> For each parameter, n_eff is a crude measure of effective sample size,
#> and Rhat is the potential scale reduction factor on split chains (at
#> convergence, Rhat=1).
The estimated treatment effects d[] shown here
correspond to relative effects at the reference level of the covariate,
here proportion of prior stroke centered at the network mean value
0.296.
By default, summaries of the study-specific intercepts \(\mu_j\) and study-specific relative effects
\(\delta_{jk}\) are hidden, but could
be examined by changing the pars argument:
# Not run
print(af_fit_4b, pars = c("d", "mu", "delta"))
The prior and posterior distributions can be compared visually using
the plot_prior_posterior() function:
plot_prior_posterior(af_fit_4b, prior = c("reg", "het"))
We can compute relative effects against placebo/standard care with
the relative_effects() function with the
trt_ref argument, which by default produces relative
effects for the observed proportions of prior stroke in each study:
# Not run
(af_4b_releff <- relative_effects(af_fit_4b, trt_ref = "Placebo/Standard care"))
plot(af_4b_releff, ref_line = 0)
We can produce estimated treatment effects for particular covariate
values using the newdata argument. For example, treatment
effects when no individuals or all individuals have prior stroke are
produced by
(af_4b_releff_01 <- relative_effects(af_fit_4b,
trt_ref = "Placebo/Standard care",
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.58 0.24 -1.03 -0.74 -0.58 -0.42 -0.14
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] -1.37 0.84 -3.15 -1.88 -1.36 -0.80 0.23
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] -1.80 1.48 -5.07 -2.53 -1.62 -0.81 0.44
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] -0.28 0.44 -1.14 -0.57 -0.28 0.02 0.55
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.07 0.43 -0.78 -0.23 0.06 0.34 0.95
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] -0.28 0.33 -0.91 -0.48 -0.28 -0.08 0.39
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] -0.73 0.66 -2.03 -1.16 -0.74 -0.30 0.59
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] -0.43 0.79 -1.99 -0.97 -0.42 0.12 1.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] -1.27 0.56 -2.35 -1.62 -1.27 -0.91 -0.17
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.01 0.33 -1.66 -1.23 -1.00 -0.79 -0.37
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] -0.14 0.23 -0.58 -0.29 -0.14 0.01 0.29
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] -0.21 0.35 -0.90 -0.43 -0.21 0.01 0.50
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] -0.61 0.46 -1.53 -0.91 -0.61 -0.30 0.28
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] -0.51 0.26 -1.01 -0.69 -0.51 -0.34 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.07 0.63 -1.12 -0.35 0.07 0.48 1.35
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] -0.66 0.32 -1.29 -0.87 -0.66 -0.46 -0.03
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4634 2641 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 4476 2240 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 3453 1839 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 4963 2665 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 5186 2843 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 4886 2731 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 4938 2404 1
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 6949 3581 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 3791 2665 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 6520 2953 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 5197 3078 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3007 2332 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 5658 2996 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 5213 3185 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 5415 2728 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 3269 1890 1
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.29 0.35 -1.98 -1.51 -1.28 -1.06 -0.61
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 1.79 2.25 -2.53 0.28 1.78 3.31 6.15
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] -1.58 1.50 -4.96 -2.33 -1.39 -0.59 0.71
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] -0.06 0.39 -0.86 -0.31 -0.05 0.22 0.69
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] -0.64 0.52 -1.62 -1.00 -0.64 -0.30 0.38
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 2.89 2.19 -1.37 1.44 2.84 4.34 7.19
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 2.44 1.62 -0.67 1.36 2.43 3.51 5.67
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] -0.20 0.74 -1.64 -0.70 -0.21 0.30 1.24
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] -1.04 0.53 -2.10 -1.39 -1.03 -0.70 -0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.72 0.50 -2.71 -2.04 -1.70 -1.38 -0.73
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.08 0.29 -0.51 -0.09 0.09 0.27 0.65
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.39 -0.78 -0.22 0.02 0.26 0.79
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] -0.39 0.41 -1.20 -0.64 -0.39 -0.12 0.43
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] -0.29 0.25 -0.81 -0.44 -0.28 -0.13 0.20
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.29 0.65 -0.96 -0.14 0.29 0.72 1.59
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] -1.36 0.41 -2.19 -1.63 -1.36 -1.11 -0.55
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 5253 2803 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 5469 3296 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 3471 1827 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 5512 2568 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 4667 2415 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 5561 2993 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 5495 2958 1
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 7169 2983 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 3219 2128 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4853 2936 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 5811 3024 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3535 2513 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 5677 3038 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 4469 1901 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 5178 2802 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 4628 2118 1
plot(af_4b_releff_01, ref_line = 0)
The estimated class interactions (against the reference “Mixed”
class) are very uncertain.
plot(af_fit_4b, pars = "beta", stat = "halfeye", ref_line = 0)
The interactions are more straightforward to interpret if we
transform the interaction coefficients (using the consistency equations)
so that they are against the control class:
af_4b_beta <- as.array(af_fit_4b, pars = "beta")
# Subtract beta[Control:stroke] from the other class interactions
af_4b_beta[ , , 2:3] <- sweep(af_4b_beta[ , , 2:3], 1:2,
af_4b_beta[ , , "beta[.trtclassControl:stroke]"], FUN = "-")
# Set beta[Anti-coagulant:stroke] = -beta[Control:stroke]
af_4b_beta[ , , "beta[.trtclassControl:stroke]"] <- -af_4b_beta[ , , "beta[.trtclassControl:stroke]"]
names(af_4b_beta)[1] <- "beta[.trtclassAnti-coagulant:stroke]"
# Summarise
summary(af_4b_beta)
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5% Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-coagulant:stroke] -0.70 0.44 -1.58 -0.98 -0.70 -0.41 0.17 4551 3050
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 0.22 0.34 -0.46 0.00 0.21 0.44 0.90 4732 3203
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 3.17 2.16 -1.04 1.73 3.12 4.60 7.46 5425 3012
#> Rhat
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-coagulant:stroke] 1
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 1
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 1
plot(summary(af_4b_beta), stat = "halfeye", ref_line = 0)
There is some evidence that the effect of anti-coagulants increases
(compared to control) with prior stroke. There is little evidence the
effect of anti-platelets reduces with prior stroke, although the point
estimate represents a substantial reduction in effectiveness, and the
95% Credible Interval includes values that correspond to substantial
increases in treatment effect. The interaction effect of stroke on mixed
treatments is very uncertain, but potentially indicates a substantial
reduction in treatment effects with prior stroke.
We can also produce treatment rankings, rank probabilities, and
cumulative rank probabilities. By default (without the
newdata argument specified), these are produced at the
value of stroke for each study in the network in turn. To
instead produce rankings for when no individuals or all individuals have
prior stroke, we specify the newdata argument.
(af_4b_ranks <- posterior_ranks(af_fit_4b,
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> rank[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 7.69 1.86 4 6 8 9 11
#> rank[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 4.00 3.74 1 1 3 5 15
#> rank[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 4.03 4.48 1 1 2 5 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 11.18 3.66 4 9 11 14 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 14.15 2.82 7 13 15 16 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 11.02 3.66 4 8 11 14 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 7.22 4.58 1 3 6 11 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 9.70 5.34 1 5 10 15 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 3.62 2.70 1 2 3 4 12
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4.51 2.42 1 3 4 6 11
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 12.86 1.95 9 12 13 14 16
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 11.98 2.92 6 10 12 14 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 7.86 3.67 2 5 7 10 16
#> rank[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 8.59 2.17 4 7 9 10 13
#> rank[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 14.22 1.95 10 13 15 16 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 13.43 3.98 4 11 15 17 17
#> rank[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 6.95 2.67 3 5 7 9 13
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> rank[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4362 3245 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 4594 3642 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 4764 3638 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 4956 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 5367 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 4953 2926 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 4857 3147 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 6906 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 3434 2581 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4312 3475 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 4670 3413 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3031 2544 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 5589 3497 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 4938 3575 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 3457 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 5635 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 3779 1771 1
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> rank[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3.62 1.12 2 3 4.0 4 6
#> rank[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 13.14 4.44 1 14 15.0 16 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 4.47 4.01 1 1 3.0 7 14
#> rank[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 10.62 2.70 6 9 11.0 13 15
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 7.17 2.75 3 5 6.0 8 14
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 15.71 3.01 5 16 17.0 17 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 15.39 1.98 8 15 16.0 16 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 9.52 3.99 2 6 9.0 13 16
#> rank[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 4.96 2.15 1 4 5.0 6 10
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 2.02 1.30 1 1 2.0 2 5
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 11.85 1.84 8 11 12.0 13 16
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 11.14 2.44 6 9 11.0 13 16
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 8.20 2.63 3 6 8.0 10 14
#> rank[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 8.63 1.71 6 7 8.5 10 12
#> rank[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 11.18 1.98 7 10 11.0 13 15
#> rank[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 12.20 3.12 5 10 13.0 14 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 3.18 1.43 1 2 3.0 4 6
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> rank[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3559 3436 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 4338 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 4720 3214 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 4671 3179 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 3937 2989 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 3791 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 3408 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 6368 2865 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 3829 2755 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3476 3187 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 4046 3000 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3316 2866 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 4983 3143 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 3922 3315 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 4793 3116 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 5238 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 3094 1493 1
plot(af_4b_ranks)
(af_4b_rankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_4b,
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.26 0.23 0.13 0.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.45 0.14 0.08 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.10 0.12 0.11
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.15 0.27 0.20 0.13
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.05 0.14 0.21 0.20
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.10
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.10
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.09 0.15 0.21 0.20
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.10 0.07 0.06 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.14 0.09 0.06 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.09 0.15 0.17
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.16 0.16 0.13 0.12
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.16 0.10 0.05 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.07
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.10
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.03 0.06 0.12 0.17
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.06 0.11 0.12 0.13
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.17 0.15 0.10 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.03
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.10 0.09 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.09 0.09 0.15
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.10 0.09 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.04 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.04 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.00 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.20 0.20 0.13
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.13 0.12 0.10
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.04 0.03 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.02 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.13 0.18 0.21
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.06 0.07 0.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.02 0.01 0.01
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.08 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.19 0.23
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.07 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.09 0.14
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.06 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.08 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.20 0.10
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.14 0.31
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.13 0.32 0.34
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.37 0.10 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.03 0.09 0.11 0.18
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.43 0.33 0.11 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.08 0.26 0.30 0.20
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.14 0.03 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.11
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.18 0.24 0.16 0.09
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.07
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.25 0.16 0.08 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.07 0.13 0.18 0.15
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.02 0.06 0.17 0.25
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.10 0.04 0.01 0.00
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.12
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.06 0.11 0.18 0.24
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.13 0.09 0.07 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.23 0.14 0.08 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.11 0.17 0.19 0.18
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.08
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.05 0.44
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.03 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.12 0.10 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.02 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.02 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.02 0.25
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.10 0.13 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.21 0.11 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.15 0.11 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.04 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.14 0.07 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.13 0.31 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.19 0.07
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.19 0.65
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.50 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.03 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00
# Modify the default output with ggplot2 functionality
library(ggplot2)
plot(af_4b_rankprobs) +
facet_grid(Treatment~Study, labeller = label_wrap_gen(20)) +
theme(strip.text.y = element_text(angle = 0))
(af_4b_cumrankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_4b, cumulative = TRUE,
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.26 0.50 0.63 0.72
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.45 0.59 0.67 0.73
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.14 0.26 0.37
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.03 0.09 0.16 0.24
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.15 0.43 0.63 0.76
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.05 0.18 0.40 0.59
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.04 0.11 0.20
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.17
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.12 0.27 0.47 0.67
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.78 0.82 0.85 0.87
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.77 0.79 0.82 0.84
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.08 0.13 0.18 0.25
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.09 0.14 0.20 0.25
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.47 0.54 0.60 0.65
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.31 0.36 0.41 0.45
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.84 0.89 0.92 0.93
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.74 0.83 0.88 0.92
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.12
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.31 0.42 0.51 0.59
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.07 0.17 0.32 0.49
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.06 0.09 0.11 0.15
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.33 0.49 0.62 0.74
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.84 0.93 0.98 0.99
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.89 0.91 0.93 0.94
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.86 0.88 0.89 0.91
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.33 0.41 0.50 0.60
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.25
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.33 0.42 0.51 0.61
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.70 0.74 0.78 0.82
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.48 0.53 0.58 0.63
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.95 0.97 0.98 0.99
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.05 0.11 0.24 0.40
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.18 0.29 0.41 0.54
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.68 0.76 0.83 0.88
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.66 0.81 0.91 0.96
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.02 0.04 0.10 0.19
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.18 0.22 0.28 0.33
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.83 0.89 0.94 0.97
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.96 0.97 0.98
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.93 0.94 0.96
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.69 0.78 0.86
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.34 0.43 0.58
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.71 0.80 0.88
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.86 0.90 0.94
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.67 0.72 0.77
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.99 0.99 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.60 0.80 0.93
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.67 0.79 0.89
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.92 0.94 0.97
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.99 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.32 0.49 0.71
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.39 0.46 0.55
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.98 0.99 1.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.97 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.94 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.77 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.95 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.97 1
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.86 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.98 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.96 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.99 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.90 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.69 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.15 0.47 0.81
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.09
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.37 0.47 0.52 0.58
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.10
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.10
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.03 0.12 0.23 0.41
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.43 0.77 0.88 0.95
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.08 0.34 0.65 0.84
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.95 0.99 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.11 0.13 0.16 0.17
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.67 0.75 0.81 0.84
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.02 0.06 0.13 0.24
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.27 0.51 0.67 0.76
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.17 0.27 0.37 0.44
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.66 0.83 0.90 0.94
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.98 0.99 0.99 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.14
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.12 0.26 0.44 0.59
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.02 0.08 0.25 0.50
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.09
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.03 0.06 0.11 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.94 0.98 0.99 1.00
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.18 0.20 0.21 0.23
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.87 0.89 0.91 0.93
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.35 0.48 0.60 0.72
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.82 0.87 0.90 0.94
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.51 0.57 0.62 0.68
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.96 0.98 0.99 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.10 0.21 0.39 0.63
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.25 0.38 0.53 0.68
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.72 0.81 0.88 0.93
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.73 0.87 0.95 0.98
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.20 0.37 0.56 0.74
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.21 0.26 0.33 0.40
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.25 0.29 0.73
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.95 0.99 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.85 0.94 0.98
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.96 0.98 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.10 0.12 0.17
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.07 0.09 0.34
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.78 0.92 0.96
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.84 0.95 0.97
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.83 0.94 0.97
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.97 0.99 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.99 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.88 0.96 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.53 0.84 0.91
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.93 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.99 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.35 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.84 1
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.98 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.99 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.99 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.94 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1
plot(af_4b_cumrankprobs) +
facet_grid(Treatment~Study, labeller = label_wrap_gen(20)) +
theme(strip.text.y = element_text(angle = 0))
