.. index:: 
	single: Stdlib Classes; Introduction

==============
Stdlib Classes
==============

In this chapter we are going to learn about the classes in the stdlib.ring

* StdBase Class
* String Class
* List Class
* Stack Class
* Queue Class
* HashTable Class
* Tree Class
* Math Class
* DateTime Class
* File Class
* System Class
* Debug Class
* DataType Class
* Conversion Class
* ODBC CLass
* MySQL Class
* SQLite Class
* Security Class
* Internet Class

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; StdBase Class

StdBase Class
=============

Attributes:

* vValue : Object Value

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method				Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
Init(x)				Set vValue Attribute to x value
Print()				Print vValue
PrintLn()			Print vValue then New Line
Size()				return number represent the size of vValue
Value()				return vValue
Set(x)				Call Init(x)
===========================	======================================================================


.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; String Class

String Class
============

Parent Class : StdBase Class

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method				Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
Init(String|Number|List) 
Lower()  			New String - Lower case characters
Upper()  			New String - Upper case characters
Left(x)  			New String - contains x characters from the left
Right(x) 			New String - contains x characters from the right
Lines()  			Number - Lines count
Trim()   			New String - Remove Spaces
Copy(x)  			New String - repeat string x times
strcmp(cString)   		Compare string with cString  
tolist()	  		List (String Lines to String Items)
tofile(cFileName) 		Write string to file
mid(nPos1,nPos2)  		New String - from nPos1 to nPos2
getfrom(nPos1)	  		New String - from nPos1 to the end of the string
replace(cStr1,cStr2,lCase) 	New String - Replace cStr1 with cStr2 , lCase (True=Match Case)
split()		  		List - Each Word as list item
startswith(substring)		Return true if the start starts with a substring 
endswith(substring)		Return true if the start ends with a substring
===========================	======================================================================

Example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	See "Testing the String Class" + nl
	oString = new string("Hello, World!")
	oString.println()
	oString.upper().println()
	oString.lower().println()
	oString.left(5).println()
	oString.right(6).println()
	oString = new string("Hi" + nl + "Hello" )
	See oString.lines() + nl
	oString = new string("    Welcome    ")
	oString.println()
	oString.trim().println()
	oString = new string("Hello! ")
	oString.copy(3).println()
	see oString.strcmp("Hello! ") + nl
	see oString.strcmp("Hello ") + nl
	see oString.strcmp("Hello!! ") + nl
	oString = new string(["one","two","three"])
	oString.print()
	see oString.lines() + nl
	oString = new String(1234)
	oString.println()
	oString = new String("one"+nl+"two"+nl+"three")
	aList = oString.tolist()
	see "List Items" + nl See aList
	oString = new String( "Welcome to the Ring programming language")
	See "the - position : " + oString.pos("the") + nl
	oString = oString.getfrom(oString.pos("Ring"))
	oString.println()
	oString.mid(1,4).println()
	oString = oString.replace("Ring","***Ring***",true)
	oString.println()
	oString = oString.replace("ring","***Ring***",false)
	oString.println()
	oString1 = new string("First")
	oString2 = new string("Second")
	oString = oString1 + oString2
	oString.println()
	oString = oString1 * 3
	oString.println()
	for t in ostring see t next
	oString.tofile("test.txt")
	oString = new string("one two three")
	see nl
	see ostring.split()
	oString {
		set("Hello") println()
		set("How are you?") println()
	}

Output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Testing the String Class
	Hello, World!
	HELLO, WORLD!
	hello, world!
	Hello
	World!
	2
		Welcome
	Welcome
	Hello! Hello! Hello!
	0
	1
	-1
	one
	two
	three
	4
	1234
	List Items
	one
	two
	three
	the - position : 12
	Ring programming language
	Ring
	***Ring*** programming language
	******Ring****** programming language
	FirstSecond
	FirstFirstFirst
	FirstFirstFirst
	one
	two
	three
	Hello
	How are you?

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; List Class
	
List Class
==========

Parent Class : StdBase Class

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
Init(String|List)			
Add(Value)					Add item to the list
Delete(nIndex)				Delete item from the list 
Item(nIndex)				Get item from the list
First()						Get the first item in the list
Last()						Get the last item in the list
Set(nIndex,Value)			Set item value
FindInColumn(nCol,Value)	Find item in a column 
Sort()						Sort items - return new list
Reverse()					Reverse items - return new list
Insert(nIndex,Value)		Inset Item after nIndex
===========================	======================================================================


example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oList = new list ( [1,2,3] )
	oList.Add(4)
	oList.print()
	see oList.item(1) + nl
	oList.delete(4)
	oList.print()
	see oList.first() + nl
	see oList.last() + nl
	oList { set(1,"one") set(2,"two") set(3,"three") print() }
	see oList.find("two") + nl
	oList.sort().print()
	oList.reverse().print()
	oList.insert(2,"nice")
	oList.print()
	oList = new list ( [ [1,"one"],[2,"two"],[3,"three"] ] )
	see copy("*",10) + nl
	oList.print()
	see "Search two : " + oList.findincolumn(2,"two") + nl
	see "Search 1 : " + oList.findincolumn(1,1) + nl
	oList = new list ( [ "Egypt" , "USA" , "KSA" ] )
	for x in oList
		see x + nl
	next
	oList =  new list ( [1,2,3,4] )
	oList + [5,6,7] 
	oList.print()
	oList = new list ( ["one","two"] )
	oList2 = new list ( ["three","four"] )
	oList + oList2
	oList.print()

	
output:

.. code-block:: ring

	1
	2
	3
	4
	1
	1
	2
	3
	1
	3
	one
	two
	three
	2
	one
	three
	two
	three
	two
	one
	one
	two
	nice
	three
	**********
	1
	one
	2
	two
	3
	three
	Search two : 2
	Search 1 : 1
	Egypt
	USA
	KSA
	1
	2
	3
	4
	5
	6
	7
	one
	two
	three
	four

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Stack Class
	
Stack Class
===========

Parent Class : List Class

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
Init(String|Number|List)
Push(Value)					Push item to the stack
Pop()						Pop item from the stack
Print()						Print the stack items
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oStack = new Stack
	oStack.push(1)
	oStack.push(2)
	oStack.push(3)
	see oStack.pop() + nl
	see oStack.pop() + nl
	see oStack.pop() + nl	
	oStack.push(4)
	see oStack.pop() + nl
	oStack { push("one") push("two") push("three") }
	oStack.print()	
	
output:

.. code-block:: ring

	3
	2
	1
	4
	three
	two
	one
	
.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Queue Class
	
Queue Class
===========

Parent Class : List Class

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
Init(String|Number|List)
Remove()					Remove item from the Queue.
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oQueue = new Queue
	oQueue.add(1)
	oQueue.add(2)
	oQueue.add(3)
	see oQueue.remove() + nl
	see oQueue.remove() + nl
	see oQueue.remove() + nl
	oQueue.add(4)
	see oQueue.remove() + nl
	oQueue { add("one") add("two") add("three") }
	oQueue.print()
	
output:

.. code-block:: ring

	1
	2
	3
	4
	one
	two
	three

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; HashTable Class

HashTable Class
===============

Parent Class : List Class

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
Init(List)
Add(cKey,Value)				Add item to the HashTable
Set(cKey,Value)				Set item value using the Key
GetValue(cKey)				Get item value using the Key
Contains(cKey)				Check if the HashTable contains item using the Key
Index(cKey)					Get the item index using the Key
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	ohashtable = new hashtable
	See "Test the hashtable Class Methods" + nl
	ohashtable { 
		Add("Egypt","Cairo")
		Add("KSA","Riyadh")
		see self["Egypt"] + nl
		see self["KSA"] + nl
		see contains("Egypt") + nl
		see contains("USA") + nl
		see index("KSA")  + NL
		print()
		delete(index("KSA"))
		see copy("*",60) + nl
		print()
	}
	
output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Test the hashtable Class Methods
	Cairo
	Riyadh
	1
	0
	2
	Egypt
	Cairo
	KSA
	Riyadh
	************************************************************
	Egypt
	Cairo


.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Tree Class

Tree Class
==========

Data:

===========================	======================================================================
Attribute						Description
===========================	======================================================================
Data 						Node Value
Children					Children List
===========================	======================================================================

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
set(value)					Set the node value.
value()						Get the node value.
Add(value)					Add new child.
parent()					Get the parent node.
print()						Print the tree nodes.
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	otree = new tree
	See "Test the tree Class Methods" + nl
	otree {
		set("The first step")	# set the root node value
		see value() + nl
		Add("one")
		Add("two")
		Add("three") {
			Add("3.1")
			Add("3.2")
			Add("3.3")
			see children
		}
		see children
		oTree.children[2] {
			Add("2.1") Add("2.2") Add("2.3") {
				Add("2.3.1") Add("2.3.2") Add("test")
			}
		}
		oTree.children[2].children[3].children[3].set("2.3.3")
	}
	see copy("*",60) + nl
	oTree.print()
	
output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Test the tree Class Methods
	The first step
	data: 3.1
	parent: List...
	children: List...
	data: 3.2
	parent: List...
	children: List...
	data: 3.3
	parent: List...
	children: List...
	data: one
	parent: List...
	children: List...
	data: two
	parent: List...
	children: List...
	data: three
	parent: List...
	children: List...
	************************************************************
	one
	two
	2.1
	2.2
	2.3
	2.3.1
	2.3.2
	2.3.3
	three
	3.1
	3.2
	3.3

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Math Class

Math Class
==========

Methods:

===============		=============================================================================
Method				Description
===============		=============================================================================
sin(x)			Returns the sine of an angle of x radians
cos(x)			Returns the cosine of an angle of x radians
tan(x)			Returns the tangent of an angle of x radians
asin(x)			Returns the principal value of the arc sine of x, expressed in radians
acos(x)			Returns the principal value of the arc cosine of x, expressed in radians
atan(x)			Returns the principal value of the arc tangent of x, expressed in radians
atan2(y,x)		Returns the principal arc tangent of y/x, in the interval [-pi,+pi] radians
sinh(x)			Returns the hyperbolic sine of x radians
cosh(x)			Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x radians
tanh(x)			Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x radians
exp(x)			Returns the value of e raised to the xth power
log(x)			Returns the natural logarithm of x
log10(x)		Returns the common logarithm (base-10 logarithm) of x
ceil(x)			Returns the smallest integer value greater than or equal to x	
floor(x)		Returns the largest integer value less than or equal to x
fabs(x)			Returns the absolute value of x.
pow(x,y)		Returns x raised to the power of y 
sqrt(x)			Returns the square root of x
random(x)		Returns a random number in the range [0,x]
unsigned(n,n,c)		Perform operation using unsigned numbers 
decimals(n)		Determine the decimals digits after the point in float/double numbers
=============== 	=============================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oMath = new Math

	See "Test the Math Class Methods" + nl
	See "Sin(0) = " + oMath.sin(0) + nl
	See "Sin(90) radians = " + oMath.sin(90) + nl
	See "Sin(90) degree = " + oMath.sin(90*3.14/180) + nl

	See "Cos(0) = " + oMath.cos(0) + nl
	See "Cos(90) radians = " + oMath.cos(90) + nl
	See "Cos(90) degree = " +oMath. cos(90*3.14/180) + nl

	See "Tan(0) = " + oMath.tan(0) + nl
	See "Tan(90) radians = " + oMath.tan(90) + nl
	See "Tan(90) degree = " + oMath.tan(90*3.14/180) + nl

	See "asin(0) = " + oMath.asin(0) + nl
	See "acos(0) = " + oMath.acos(0) + nl
	See "atan(0) = " + oMath.atan(0) + nl
	See "atan2(1,1) = " +oMath. atan2(1,1) + nl

	See "sinh(0) = " + oMath.sinh(0) + nl
	See "sinh(1) = " + oMath.sinh(1) + nl
	See "cosh(0) = " + oMath.cosh(0) + nl
	See "cosh(1) = " + oMath.cosh(1) + nl
	See "tanh(0) = " + oMath.tanh(0) + nl
	See "tanh(1) = " + oMath.tanh(1) + nl

	See "exp(0) = " + oMath.exp(0) + nl
	See "exp(1) = " + oMath.exp(1) + nl
	See "log(1) = " + oMath.log(1) + nl
	See "log(2) = " + oMath.log(2) + nl
	See "log10(1) = " + oMath.log10(1) + nl
	See "log10(2) = " + oMath.log10(2) + nl
	See "log10(10) = " + oMath.log10(10) + nl

	See "Ceil(1.12) = " + oMath.Ceil(1.12) + nl
	See "Ceil(1.72) = " + oMath.Ceil(1.72) + nl

	See "Floor(1.12) = " + oMath.floor(1.12) + nl
	See "Floor(1.72) = " + oMath.floor(1.72) + nl

	See "fabs(1.12) = " + oMath.fabs(1.12) + nl
	See "fabs(1.72) = " + oMath.fabs(1.72) + nl

	See "pow(2,3) = " + oMath.pow(2,3) + nl

	see "sqrt(16) = " + oMath.sqrt(16) + nl

	for x = 1 to 20
        		see "Random number Max (100) : " + oMath.random(100) + nl
	next

	x = 1.1234567890123
	for d = 0 to 14
	        oMath.decimals(d)
	        see x + nl
	next

	cKey = "hello"

 	h = 0
	for x in cKey
		h = oMath.unsigned(h,ascii(x),"+")
		h = oMath.unsigned(h,oMath.unsigned(h,10,"<<"),"+")
		r = oMath.unsigned(h,6,">>")
		h = oMath.unsigned(h, r,"^")
	next
	h = oMath.unsigned(h,oMath.unsigned(h,3,"<<"),"+")
	h = oMath.unsigned(h,oMath.unsigned(h,11,">>"),"^")
	h = oMath.unsigned(h,oMath.unsigned(h,15,"<<"),"+")

	see "Hash : " + h

	
	
output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Test the Math Class Methods
	Sin(0) = 0
	Sin(90) radians = 0.89
	Sin(90) degree = 1.00
	Cos(0) = 1
	Cos(90) radians = -0.45
	Cos(90) degree = 0.00
	Tan(0) = 0
	Tan(90) radians = -2.00
	Tan(90) degree = 1255.77
	asin(0) = 0
	acos(0) = 1.57
	atan(0) = 0
	atan2(1,1) = 0.79
	sinh(0) = 0
	sinh(1) = 1.18
	cosh(0) = 1
	cosh(1) = 1.54
	tanh(0) = 0
	tanh(1) = 0.76
	exp(0) = 1
	exp(1) = 2.72
	log(1) = 0
	log(2) = 0.69
	log10(1) = 0
	log10(2) = 0.30
	log10(10) = 1
	Ceil(1.12) = 2
	Ceil(1.72) = 2
	Floor(1.12) = 1
	Floor(1.72) = 1
	fabs(1.12) = 1.12
	fabs(1.72) = 1.72
	pow(2,3) = 8
	sqrt(16) = 4
	Random number Max (100) : 87
	Random number Max (100) : 49
	Random number Max (100) : 99
	Random number Max (100) : 58
	Random number Max (100) : 15
	Random number Max (100) : 46
	Random number Max (100) : 37
	Random number Max (100) : 64
	Random number Max (100) : 73
	Random number Max (100) : 35
	Random number Max (100) : 89
	Random number Max (100) : 80
	Random number Max (100) : 20
	Random number Max (100) : 33
	Random number Max (100) : 44
	Random number Max (100) : 89
	Random number Max (100) : 82
	Random number Max (100) : 94
	Random number Max (100) : 83
	Random number Max (100) : 68
	1
	1.1
	1.12
	1.123
	1.1235
	1.12346
	1.123457
	1.1234568
	1.12345679
	1.123456789
	1.1234567890
	1.12345678901
	1.123456789012
	1.1234567890123
	1.12345678901230
	Hash : 3372029979.00000000000000

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; DateTime Class

DateTime Class
==============

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
clock()						The number of clock ticks from program start.
time()						Get the system time.
date()						Get the date.
timelist()					List contains the date and the time information.
adddays(cDate,nDays)		Return Date from cDate and after nDays
diffdays(cDate1,cDate2)		Return the Number of days (cDate1 - cDate2)
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oDateTime = new datetime

	See "Test the datetime Class Methods" + nl

	See "Calculate performance" + nl
	t1 = oDateTime.clock()
	for x = 1 to 1000000 next
	see oDateTime.clock() - t1 + nl

	See "Time : " + oDateTime.time() + nl

	See "Date : " + oDateTime.date() + nl 

	See oDateTime.TimeList()

	See "Month Name : " + oDateTime.TimeList()[4]      

	cDate = oDateTime.date()
	see cDate + nl                  
	cDate = oDateTime.adddays(cDate,10)
	see cDate + nl 

	cDate1 = oDateTime.date()
	see cDate1 + nl                                          
	cDate2 = oDateTime.adddays(cDate1,10)
	see cDate2 + nl                                          
	see "DiffDays = " + oDateTime.diffdays(cDate1,cDate2) + nl         
	see "DiffDays = " + oDateTime.diffdays(cDate2,cDate1) + nl       


output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Test the datetime Class Methods
	Calculate performance
	85
	Time : 02:53:35
	Date : 31/08/2016
	Wed
	Wednesday
	Aug
	August
	08/31/16 02:53:35
	31
	02
	02
	244
	08
	53
	AM
	35
	35
	3
	08/31/16
	02:53:35
	16
	2016
	Arab Standard Time
	%
	Month Name : August31/08/2016
	10/09/2016
	31/08/2016
	10/09/2016
	DiffDays = -10
	DiffDays = 10

	
.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; File Class

File Class
==========

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
read(cFileName)				Read the file content
write(cFileName,cStr)		Write string to file
dir(cFolderPath)			Get the folder contents (files & sub folders)
rename(cOld,cNew)			Rename files using the Rename() function
remove(cFileName)			Delete a file using the Remove() function
open(cFileName,cMode)		Open a file using the Fopen() function
close()						Close file
flush()						Flushes the output buffer of a stream
reopen(cFileName,cMode)		Open another file using the same file handle
tempfile()					Creates a temp. file (binary).
seek(noffset,nwhence)		Set the file position of the stream
tell()						Know the current file position of a stream
rewind()					Set the file position to the beginning of the file 
getpos()					Get handle to the current file position
setpos(poshandle)			Set the current file position
clearerr()					Clear the EOF error and the error indicators of a stream
eof()						Test the end-of-file indicator
error()						Test the error indicator
perror(cErrorMessage)		Print error message to the stderr
getc()						Get the next character from the stream
gets(nsize)					Read new line from the stream
putc(cchar)					Write a character to the stream
puts(cStr)					Write a string to the stream
ungetc(cchar)				Push a character to the stream
fread(nsize)				Read data from a stream
fwrite(cString)				Write data to a stream
exists(cFileName)			Check if a file exists
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	ofile = new file

	See "Test the file Class Methods" + nl
	see ofile.read(filename())

	see nl
	ofile.open(filename(),"r")
	see ofile.gets(100) + nl
	ofile.close()

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; System Class

System Class
============

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
system()					Execute system commands
sysget()					Get environment variables 
ismsdos()					Check if the operating system is MSDOS or not
iswindows()					Check if the operating system is Windows or not
iswindows64()				Check if the operating system is Windows 64bit or not 
isunix()					Check if the operating system is Unix or not 
ismacosx()					Check if the operating system is macOS or not
islinux()					Check if the operating system is Linux or not 
isfreebsd()					Check if the operating system is FreeBSD or not
isandroid()					Check if the operating system is Android or not 
windowsnl()					Get the windows new line string 
sysargv()					Get the command line arguments passed to the ring script
filename()					Get the active source file
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oSystem = new System

	See "Test the System Class Methods" + nl
 	
	oSystem.system("dir")
	see oSystem.sysget("path") + nl
	see oSystem.ismsdos() + nl
	see oSystem.iswindows() + nl
	see oSystem.iswindows64() + nl
	see oSystem.isunix() + nl
	see oSystem.ismacosx() + nl
	see oSystem.islinux() + nl
	see oSystem.isfreebsd() + nl
	see oSystem.isandroid() + nl
	see oSystem.windowsnl() + nl
	see oSystem.sysargv() + nl
	see oSystem.filename() + nl

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Debug Class

Debug Class
===========

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
eval(cCode)					Execute code during the runtime from string.
raise(cError)				Raise an exception.
assert(cCondition)			Test condition before executing the code.
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oDebug = new Debug
	See "Test the Debug Class Methods" + nl
	oDebug.eval("see 'Hello'+nl")
	try
		x = 10
		oDebug.assert(x=11)
	catch see "assert" + nl done
	raise("Error!")
	

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; DataType Class

DataType Class
==============

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
isstring(vValue)			We can know if the value is a string or not.
isnumber(vValue)			We can know if the value is a number or not.
islist(vValue)				We can know if the value is a list or not.
type(vValue)				Know the type of a value 
isnull(vValue)				Check the value to know if it’s null or not.
isalnum(vValue)				1 if the value is digit/letter or 0 if not
isalpha(vValue)				1 if the value is a letter or 0 if not
iscntrl(vValue)				1 if the value is a control character (no printing position) 
isdigit(vValue)				1 if the value is a digit or 0 if not
isgraph(vValue)				1 if the value can be printed (Except space) or 0 if not
islower(vValue)				1 if the value is lowercase letter or 0 if not
isprint(vValue)				1 if the value occupies a printing position or 0 if not
ispunct(vValue)				1 if the value is a punctuation character or 0 if not
isspace(vValue)				1 if the value is a white-space or 0 if not
isupper(vValue)				1 if the value is an uppercase alphabetic letter or 0 if not
isxdigit(vValue)			1 if the value is a hexdecimal digit character or 0 if not
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oDataType = new DataType
	See "Test the DataType Class Methods" + nl
	see oDataType.isstring("test") + nl
	see oDataType.isnumber(1) + nl
	see oDataType.islist(1:3) + nl
	see oDataType.type("test") + nl
	see oDataType.isnull(null) + nl
	see oDataType.isalnum("Hello") + nl +     # print 1
	oDataType.isalnum("123456") + nl +    # print 1
	oDataType.isalnum("ABCabc123") + nl + # print 1
	oDataType.isalnum("How are you")  + nl     # print 0 because of spaces
 	see oDataType.isalpha("Hello") + nl +     # print 1
    	oDataType.isalpha("123456") + nl +    # print 0
   	oDataType.isalpha("ABCabc123") + nl + # print 0
   	oDataType.isalpha("How are you")  + nl    # print 0
	See oDataType.iscntrl("hello") + nl +     # print 0
	oDataType.iscntrl(nl)                 # print 1
	see oDataType.isdigit("0123456789") + nl +        # print 1
	oDataType.isdigit("0123a") + nl
	see oDataType.isgraph("abcdef") + nl +    # print 1
	oDataType.isgraph("abc def")   + nl        # print 0
	see oDataType.islower("abcDEF") + nl +    # print 0
	oDataType.islower("ghi") + nl          # print 1
	see oDataType.isprint("Hello") + nl +             # print 1
	oDataType.isprint("Nice to see you") + nl +   # print 1
	oDataType.isprint(nl)    + nl                      # print 0
	see oDataType.isprint("Hello") + nl              # print 1
	see oDataType.isupper("welcome") + nl +    # print 0
	oDataType.isupper("WELCOME")  + nl         # print 1
	see oDataType.isxdigit("0123456789abcdef") + nl +  # print 1
	oDataType.isxdigit("123z")                     # print 0


Output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Test the DataType Class Methods
	1
	1
	1
	STRING
	1
	1
	1
	1
	0
	1
	0
	0
	0
	0
	11
	0
	1
	0
	0
	1
	1
	1
	0
	1
	0
	1
	1
	0	

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Conversion Class

Conversion Class
================

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
number(vValue)				Convert strings to numbers.
string(vValue)				Convert numbers to strings.
ascii(vValue)				Get the ASCII code for a letter.
char(vValue)				Convert the ASCII code to character.
hex(vValue)					Convert decimal to hexadecimal.
dec(vValue)					Convert hexadecimal to decimal.
str2hex(vValue)				Convert string characters to hexadecimal characters.
hex2str(vValue)				Convert hexadecimal characters to string.
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oConversion = new conversion
	See "Test the conversion Class Methods" + nl
	See oConversion.number("3") + 5  + nl
	See oConversion.string(3) + "5" + nl
	See oConversion.Ascii("m") + nl	
	See oConversion.char(77) + nl	
	see oConversion.hex(162) + nl
	see oConversion.dec("a2") + nl
	cHex = oConversion.str2hex("Hello")
	see cHex + nl
	see oConversion.hex2str(cHex) + nl

Output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Test the conversion Class Methods
	8
	35
	109
	M
	a2
	162
	48656c6c6f
	Hello

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; ODBC Class

ODBC Class
==========

Methods:

===========================	======================================================================
Method						Description/Output
===========================	======================================================================
drivers()  					Get a list of ODBC drivers.
datasources()  				Get a list of ODBC data sources.
close()  					Free resources.
connect(cConString)			Connect to the database.
disconnect()  				Close the connection.
execute(cSQL)				Execute SQL Statements
colcount() 					Get columns count in the query result
fetch()						Fetch a row from the query result
getdata(nCol)				Get column value from the fetched row
tables()					Get a list of tables inside the database
columns(cTableName)			Get a list of columns inside the table
autocommit(lStatus)			Enable or disable the auto commit feature
commit()					Commit updates to the database
rollback()					Rollback updates to the database
===========================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	oodbc = new odbc
	See "Test the odbc Class Methods" + nl
	oODBC { 
 		see drivers()
		see datasources()
		See "Connect to database" + nl
		see connect("DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
		See "Select data" + nl
		see execute("select * from person") + nl
		nMax = colcount()
		See "Columns Count : " + nMax + nl
		while fetch()
		        See "Row data:" + nl
		        for x = 1 to nMax
		                see getdata(x) + " - "
		        next
		end
		See "Close database..." + nl
		disconnect()
		close()
	}
	
.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; MySQL Class

MySQL Class
===========

Methods:

======================================	======================================================================
Method									Description/Output
======================================	======================================================================
info()									Return string contains the MySQL Client version.
error() 								Get the error message from the MySQL Client.
connect(cServer,cUser,cPass,cDatabase)	Connect to the MySQL database server.
close() 								Close the connection to the MySQL database.
query(cQuery)							Execute SQL queries.
insert_id()								Get the inserted row id.
result() 								Get the query result (data without column names).
next_result()							Move to the next query result.
columns() 								Get a list of columns names.
result2() 								Get all of the column names then the query result in one list.
escape_string(cStr)						Before storing binary data and special characters in the database.
autocommit(lStatus)						Enable or disable the auto commit feature.
commit() 								Commit updates to the database.
rollback()								Rollback updates to the database.
======================================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"
	
	omysql = new mysql
	See "Test the MySQL Class Methods" + nl
	omysql { 
		see info() + nl
		connect("localhost", "root", "root","mahdb")
		see "Execute Query" + nl
		query("SELECT * FROM Employee")
		see "Print Result" + nl
		see result2()
		see "Close database" + nl
		close()
	}
	
Output:

.. code-block:: ring
	
	Test the MySQL Class Methods
	5.5.30
	Execute Query
	Print Result
	Id
	Name
	Salary
	1
	Mahmoud
	15000
	2
	Samir
	16000
	3
	Fayed
	17000
	Close database

.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; SQLite Class

SQLite Class
============

Methods:

======================================	======================================================================
Method									Description/Output
======================================	======================================================================
open(cDatabase)							Open Database.
close()									Close Database.
errormessage()							Get Error Message.
execute(cSQL)							Execute Query.
======================================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	osqlite = new sqlite
	See "Test the sqlite Class Methods" + nl
	osqlite {
		open("test.db")
		sql = "CREATE TABLE COMPANY("  +
       			"ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL," +
		         "NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL," +
		         "AGE            INT     NOT NULL," +
		         "ADDRESS        CHAR(50)," +
		         "SALARY         REAL );"

		execute(sql)

		sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) "  +
		         "VALUES (1, 'Mahmoud', 29, 'Jeddah', 20000.00 ); " +
		         "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) "  +
		         "VALUES (2, 'Ahmed', 27, 'Jeddah', 15000.00 ); "     +
		         "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)" +
		         "VALUES (3, 'Mohammed', 31, 'Egypt', 20000.00 );" +
		         "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)" +
		         "VALUES (4, 'Ibrahim', 24, 'Egypt ', 65000.00 );"

		execute(sql)

		aResult =  execute("select * from COMPANY")
		for x in aResult
			for t in x
				see t[2] + nl
			next
		next
		see copy("*",50)  + nl
		for x in aResult
			see x["name"] + nl
		next
		close()
	}

Output:

.. code-block:: ring

	Test the sqlite Class Methods
	1
	Mahmoud
	29
	Jeddah
	20000.0
	2
	Ahmed
	27
	Jeddah
	15000.0
	3
	Mohammed
	31
	Egypt
	20000.0
	4
	Ibrahim
	24
	Egypt
	65000.0
	**************************************************
	Mahmoud
	Ahmed
	Mohammed
	Ibrahim


.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Security Class

Security Class
==============


Methods:

======================================	======================================================================
Method									Description/Output
======================================	======================================================================
md5(cString)							Calculate the MD5 hash.
sha1(cString)							Calculate the SHA1 hash.
sha256(cString)							Calculate the SHA256 hash.
sha512(cString)							Calculate the SHA512 hash.
sha384(cString)							Calculate the SHA384 hash.
sha224(cString)							Calculate the SHA224 hash.
encrypt(cString,cKey,cIV)				Cncrypts the data using the Blowfish algorithm.
decrypt(cString,cKey,cIV)				Decrypt the data encrypted using the Encrypt() method.
randbytes(nSize)						Generate a string of pseudo-random bytes.
======================================	======================================================================

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	osecuirty = new secuirty
	See "Test the secuirty Class Methods" + nl
	oSecuirty { 
		see md5("hello") + nl + 
		sha1("hello") + nl + sha256("hello") + nl +
		sha512("hello") + nl + sha384("hello") + nl + 
		sha256("hello") + nl 
		list = 0:15  cKey=""   for x in list cKey += char(x) next
		list = 1:8   cIV = ""   for x in list cIV += char(x) next
		cCipher = encrypt("hello",cKey,cIV)
		see cCipher + nl + decrypt(cCipher,cKey,cIV) + nl
	}

	
.. index:: 
	pair: Stdlib Classes; Internet Class

Internet Class
==============

Methods:

* download(cURL)
* sendemail(cSMTPServer,cEmail,cPassword,cSender,cReceiver,cCC,cTitle,cContent)

example:

.. code-block:: ring

	Load "stdlib.ring"

	ointernet = new internet
	See "Test the internet Class Methods" + nl
	ointernet { 
		see download("www.ring-lang.sf.net")
	}
