{{header}}
{{VirtualBox_CSS}} __NOTOC__ {{introLike|thumb=Gui-preview.jpg|
Please follow these steps to install {{project_name_short}} {{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}.
}} {{javascript-looks-better-with-javascript}} {{Anchor|Landing}}
{{Box|text=
== Download {{project_name_short}} {{{flavor_case_sensitive}}} ISO ==
{{testers-only}}
{{#widget:Download_Button
|text=Download {{{project}}} {{{flavor_case_sensitive}}} ISO (FREE!)
|url={{{url}}}/iso/{{{version}}}/{{{project}}}-{{{flavor}}}-{{{version}}}.iso
|os=usb
|fontsize=18px
}} [[File:Iconfinder_tor_386502.png|33px|link=http://download.{{project_onion}}/iso/{{{version}}}/{{{project}}}-{{{flavor}}}-{{{version}}}.iso|alt=onion link]]
Optional: Digital signature verification.
Version: {{{version}}}
{{always_verify_signatures_reminder}}
{{DownloadTableUnified
|url={{{url}}}
|project={{{project}}}
|flavor={{{flavor}}}
|flavor_case_sensitive={{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}
|after_slash=iso
|extension=iso
|version={{{version}}}
|appendix={{{appendix}}}
|signing=
Verify images using this [[Main/Project_Signing_Key|Signing Key]]
{{signing_key_main}}
|signify=
Verify images using this [[Main/Project_Signing_Key#Download_the_signify_Key|Signing Key]]
{{signing_key_main_signify}}
}}
{{Box|text=
'''How to verify the {{project_name_short}} Images : '''
{{Verify_the_images}}
}}
Optional: Checksum verification.
[https://apps.kde.org/en-gb/isoimagewriter/ KDE ISO Image Writer Homepage]
sha256: {{CodeSelect|code=
467aefa7a893b323932c858c8bc6f3b6574c8d6f830e48e140d13941787393c6
}}
See also: [[Download Security]]
Write when finished.
'''Figure:''' ''KDE ISO Image Writer writing the ISO to USB''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Isoimagewriter2.png|600px|frameless|alt=KDE ISO Image Writer writing the ISO to USB|KDE ISO Image Writer writing the ISO to USB]]
}}
'''6.''' Done.
The process of flashing {{project_name_short}} ISO to USB has been completed.
}}
{{Tab
|title= === MacOS ===
|image=[[File:Logo-apple-500x500.png|50px]]
|content=
'''2.''' Download USBImager based on your CPU architecture (choose one):
* '''A)''' [https://gitlab.com/bztsrc/usbimager/-/raw/binaries/usbimager_1.0.10-arm-macosx-cocoa.zip Intel CPU], or
* '''B)''' [https://gitlab.com/bztsrc/usbimager/-/raw/binaries/usbimager_1.0.10-intel-macosx-cocoa.zip ARM CPU (M1, M2, etc)].
'''3.''' Extract the ZIP archive to /Applications.
'''4.''' Run the USBImager application.
'''5.''' On the first row, insert the {{{project}}} {{{flavor_case_sensitive}}} ISO path or click on ... to use a file manager to locate the ISO. On the third row, select your drive to be flashed. On the second row, click on Write when finished.
'''6.''' Done.
The process of flashing {{project_name_short}} ISO to USB has been completed.
}}
{{Tab
|title= === Linux ===
|image=[[File:Logo-linux-500x500.png|50px]]
|content=
'''2.''' Install ''GNOME Disks''.
The utility is pre-installed in ''GNOME'' desktop environment. Otherwise it can be installed on most if not all Linux distributions.
{{iso_writer_installation_linux}}
'''3.''' Launch ''GNOME Disks''.
'''A)''' Using the start menu.
'''Figure:''' ''GNOME Disks Xfce Launch''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:GNOME-Disks-Xfce-Launch.png|600px|frameless|alt=GNOME Disks Xfce Launch|GNOME Disks Xfce Launch]]
}}
'''B)''' Alternatively, you could also start GNOME disks from the command line.
{{CodeSelect|code=
gnome-disks
}}
'''4.''' Select your device present on the right tab.
'''Figure:''' ''GNOME Disk Select''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Gnome-disk-select.png.png|600px|frameless|alt=GNOME Disk Select|GNOME Disk Select]]
}}
'''5.''' On the three dots menu on the top right side, click on Restore Disk Image.
'''Figure:''' ''GNOME Disk Restore Select''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:GNOME-disk-restore-select.png|600px|frameless|alt=GNOME Disk Restore Select|GNOME Disk Restore Select]]
}}
'''6.''' Click on the field of ''Image to restore'' and navigate with your file manager to select {{{project}}} ISO. After you are finished, click on Start Restoring.
'''Figure:''' ''GNOME Disk Restore ISO''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:GNOME-Disk-restore-iso.png|600px|frameless|alt=GNOME Disk Restore ISO|GNOME Disk Restore ISO]]
}}
'''7.''' Make sure you have selected the right device and click on Restore.
'''Figure:''' ''GNOME Disk Restore ISO Confirm''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Disk-restore-iso-confirm.png|600px|frameless|alt=GNOME Disk Restore ISO Confirm|GNOME Disk Restore ISO Confirm]]
}}
'''8.''' Wait for the flashing of the ISO to finish.
'''Figure:''' ''GNOME Disk Restoring''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:GNOME-Disk-Restoring.png|600px|frameless|alt=GNOME Disk Restoring|GNOME Disk Restoring]]
}}
'''9.''' After flashing is completed, the ''Contents'' field will indicate ''ISO 9660''.
'''Figure:''' ''GNOME Disk Finish''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:GNOME-Disk-finish.png|600px|frameless|alt=GNOME Disk Finish|GNOME Disk Finish]]
}}
'''10.''' Done.
The process of flashing {{project_name_short}} ISO to USB has been completed.
}}
{{Tab
|title= === Terminal ===
|image=[[File:Utilities-terminal.png|50px]]
|content=
Note: The following steps works on Unix terminals with GNU utilities.
'''2.''' Find the name of your drive, substitute every reference of My_own_drive to your own drive ID.
{{CodeSelect|code=
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/usb-*
}}
'''3.''' Check with lsblk to make sure that My_own_drive is '''not''' mounted (blank field under ''MOUNTPOINTS'').
Note: Replace My_own_drive with the actual name of your device.
{{CodeSelect|code=
lsblk /dev/disk/by-id/usb-My_own_drive
}}
'''4.''' Copy the {{{project}}} ISO to My_own_drive.
Note: The path to {{{project}}}-{{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}-{{{version}}}.iso needs to be adjusted in case the user did not download the ISO image to the home folder.
{{CodeSelect|code=
sudo cp {{{project}}}-{{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}-{{{version}}}.iso /dev/disk/by-id/usb-My_own_drive
}}
Click on 'Learn More' on the right side for other command-line methods.
* Using pv and tee.
** Advantage: Progress meter.
** Disadvantage: Not installed by default on many distributions.
** {{CodeSelect|inline=true|code=
pv {{{project}}}-{{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}-{{{version}}}.iso {{!}} sudo tee /dev/disk/by-id/usb-My_own_drive >/dev/null
}}
* Using cat and tee.
** Advantage: Tools always available.
** Disadvantage: No progress meter.
** {{CodeSelect|inline=true|code=
cat {{{project}}}-{{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}-{{{version}}}.iso {{!}} sudo tee /dev/disk/by-id/usb-My_own_drive >/dev/null
}}
* Using dd.
** Advantage: Progress meter.
** Disadvantage: More complicated syntax.
** {{CodeSelect|inline=true|code=
sudo dd if={{{project}}}-{{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}-{{{version}}}.iso of=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-My_own_drive bs=4M conv=fsync oflag=direct status=progress
}}
dd for example).
}}
{{Tab
|title= === Qubes ===
|image=[[File:Qubes-logo-icon.png|50px]]
|content=
'''Flashing the {{project_name_short}} ISO while using Qubes'''
* Prerequisite knowledge:
** Context: Currently using a Qubes VM such as for example a Qubes VM running Debian or another Linux? Attempting to flash the {{project_name_short}} ISO to USB? If you can answer both questions with yes, this wiki tab is for you.
** What this is not: This is not about a {{project_name_short}} Template. For that, go to [[Qubes|{{project_name_short}} for Qubes]].
** Prior USB storage device usage in Qubes: Having used USB storage devices in Qubes before. This is important because there are many issues with Qubes and USB devices. General issues with be [[unspecific|unspecific to {{project_name_short}}]] and should not be mixed when attempting something slightly more complex such as flashing an operating system to USB.
** Appropriate choice: Properly using a Qubes App Qube to flash a USB drive when following this documentation should have a very low disk of data loss. The usual advice about the importance of backups and a tested backup restoration process of course always applies unrelated to this documentation.
** Choice of method: Chose either Command Line Image Writer or a Graphical Image Writer. Not both.
** Connect only 1 USB device to the App Qube: To guard against data loss, it is recommended and much simpler to only connect 1 USB device to the App Qube to be used for flashing the {{project_name_short}} ISO.
** Usage of examples in documentation: The following documentation uses the files which represent physical devices /dev/xvdi (or /dev/sda) as example devices. These instructions were tested inside a Debian based App Qube on Qubes R4.2. In theory, in later Qubes versions these files might represent other devices. If only 1 USB devices is connected to the App Qube and if only using that App Qube for flashing, the risk of data loss should on other USB devices should be very low. And of course, data in other App Qubes would be secure as usual thanks to Qubes compartmentalization.
'''2.''' Make sure you have the required prerequisite knowledge mentioned above. Do not proceed without it!
'''Command Line Image Writer in Qubes'''
Two options. Choose one.
* '''A)''' Using Block device.
** '''3.''' dom0 → Qubes Device Manger in systray → → under "Data (Block) Devices" → select the USB device (for example sda → assign the hard drive to the VM.
** '''4.''' Inside the VM, flash the image to USB: {{CodeSelect|code=
sudo cp {{{project}}}-{{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}-{{{version}}}.iso /dev/xvdi
}}
* '''B)''' Using USB Device.
** '''3.''' dom0 → Qubes Device Manger in systray → Use USB Device: → assign the hard drive to the VM.
** '''4.''' Inside the VM, flash the image to USB: {{CodeSelect|code=
sudo cp {{{project}}}-{{{flavor_case_sensitive}}}-{{{version}}}.iso /dev/sda
}}
'''5.''' Inside the VM, write buffers to the disk: {{CodeSelect|code=
sudo sync
}}
'''6.''' In dom0, use the Qubes Device Manger to remove the USB from the VM.
'''7.''' Done.
'''Graphical Image Writer in Qubes '''
'''4.''' dom0 → Qubes Device Manger in systray → Use USB Device: → assign the hard drive to the VM.
Note: Data (Block) Devices cannot be used.
'''5.''' It is possible to use [https://apps.kde.org/isoimagewriter/ KDE ISO Image Writer], which is available as [https://download.kde.org/stable/isoimagewriter/1.0.0/KDE%20ISO%20Image%20Writer-1.0.0-x86_64.AppImage AppImage] and from [https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.isoimagewriter Flathub].
'''6.''' Done.
The process of flashing {{project_name_short}} ISO to USB has been completed.
}}
}}
}}
{{Box|text=
== Boot the ISO ==
'''1.''' Discover out the Boot Menu key based on your machine's motherboard. Search on the internet if necessary for your specific motherboard model.
{{{!}} class="wikitable" style="background-color: #fff;text-align: left"
! '''Vendor'''
! '''Key'''
{{!}}-
{{!}} Acer
{{!}} F12, F9, F2, Esc
{{!}}-
{{!}} Apple
{{!}} Option
{{!}}-
{{!}} Asus
{{!}} Esc
{{!}}-
{{!}} Clevo
{{!}} F7
{{!}}-
{{!}} Dell
{{!}} F12
{{!}}-
{{!}} Fujitsu
{{!}} F12, Esc
{{!}}-
{{!}} HP
{{!}} F9
{{!}}-
{{!}} Huawei
{{!}} F12
{{!}}-
{{!}} Intel
{{!}} F10
{{!}}-
{{!}} Lenovo
{{!}} F12, Novo
{{!}}-
{{!}} MSI
{{!}} F11
{{!}}-
{{!}} Samsung
{{!}} Esc, F12, F2
{{!}}-
{{!}} Sony
{{!}} F11, Esc, F10
{{!}}-
{{!}} Toshiba
{{!}} F12
{{!}}-
{{!}} Others
{{!}} F12, Esc
{{!}}}
'''2.''' Power off your host computer.
'''3.''' Connect the drive you just flashed to your computer.
'''4.''' Power on your computer and press several times the first possible Boot Menu key identified in step 1.
'''5.''' If the computer starts on another operating system or returns an error message, shut down the computer again and repeat step 4 for all the possible Boot Menu keys identified in step 1. If a Boot Menu with a list of devices appears, select your USB stick and press Enter.
'''6.''' If the computer starts on {{{project}}} ISO, the GRUB Boot Loader will appear giving boot options. After some seconds, it will automatically boot the ISO.
'''Figure:''' ''Kicksecure ISO GRUB''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Kicksecure-ISO-GRUB.png|600px|frameless|alt=Kicksecure ISO GRUB|Kicksecure ISO GRUB]]
}}
'''7.''' After boot into persistent mode, you will encounter the following desktop.
'''Figure:''' ''Kicksecure ISO Live Setup Wizard''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Kicksecure-ISO-Live-Setup-Wizard.png|600px|frameless|alt=Kicksecure ISO Live Setup Wizard|Kicksecure ISO Live Setup Wizard]]
}}
'''8.''' You can experiment with the [[Live_Mode|Live ISO]] without saving data persistently, before committing to install {{{project}}} to hard drive (optional).
}}
{{Box|text=
== Install {{project_name_short}} (Optional) ==
'''1.''' Click on the desktop icon '''Install to Hard drive'''.
'''Figure:''' ''ISO Install to hard drive icon''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:ISO-install-icon.png|600px|frameless|alt=ISO Install to hard drive icon|ISO Install to hard drive icon]]
}}
'''2.''' Be welcomed by the Calamares Installer and select your language.
'''Figure:''' ''ISO Calamares Welcome''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:ISO-calamares-welcome.png|600px|frameless|alt=ISO Calamares Welcome|ISO Calamares Welcome]]
}}
'''3.''' Choose how to partition your system.
Choose "Erase Disk" to replace the operating system on your internal hard drive. Usually no other changes required by most users.
{{mbox
| image = [[File:Preferences_system.png|40px|alt=Warning!]]
| text = [[File:Ambox_warning_pn.svg.png|40px|alt=Warning]] '''Warnings:'''
* Target device deletion: This procedure will '''overwrite all data on the selected device, be careful!'''
* Target device selection: Only installation to an internal hard drive or another USB drive is possible.
** The same in other words:
*** It is impossible to write to the same USB drive that was used to boot. Installing {{project_name_short}} on USB is possible, see [[USB Installation]].
*** The boot device and the installation target device must be two physically different devices.
}}
If you do not agree with summary, press Back and choose the partition scheme again.
'''Figure:''' ''ISO Calamares Partition''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:ISO-calamares-partition.png|600px|frameless|alt=ISO Calamares Partition|ISO Calamares Partition]]
}}
'''4.''' Notice for users of full disk encryption.
If you would like to use [[Full_Disk_Encryption|full disk encryption (FDE)]], it can be done in the Partition tab. Choose "Encrypt system".
If you choose full disk encryption and your keyboard is NOT ''en_US QWERTY'', please press on 'Learn More' on the right side.
'''Encryption Versus Keyboard Layout'''
The Calamares installer will encrypt /boot but with English US QWERTY keyboard. This can be confusing. The user might type the password in their local keyboard layout while GRUB at boot time will be interpreting the password using English US QWERTY keyboard layout.
* en_US QWERTY keyboards: This is a non-issue for users using US keyboards.
* other keyboards: This issue exists.
Which workarounds are available to users? Choose one.
* '''A)''' Use a separate English US QWERTY keyboard for password entry;
* '''B)''' Avoid characters which are different on your local vs the English US QWERTY keyboard layout;
* '''C)''' Use a different installation method. Using [[Debian|Distribution morphing]] it will be possible to avoid [[Full_Disk_Encryption#encrypted_boot|encrypted /boot]] by using Debian's old installer ([https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/ch01s04.en.html "d-i"] [https://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller/GUI Debian's installer GUI (GTK based)]);
* '''D)''' Not using full disk encryption. Not recommended.
Less realistic workarounds, for developers only and tickets, see footnote. [
Less realistic workarounds:
* '''F)''' Workaround the bug by patching Kicksecure Calamares installer to use unencrypted /boot;
* '''G)''' Fix the GRUB bug.
Tickets:
* installer, Calamares bug report [https://github.com/calamares/calamares/issues/1203 Encryption does not work well with non-QWERTY keyboards]
* Debian feature request: [https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=686817 grub-pc: Add option to change keyboard layout]
* bootloader, GNU grub feature request: [https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?65113 Add All Keyboard Layouts and Selector to Early GRUB Core Image (grubx64.efi)]
]
Install to proceed with the installation.
'''Figure:''' ''ISO Calamares Summary''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:ISO-calamares-summary.png|600px|frameless|alt=ISO Calamares Summary|ISO Calamares Summary]]
}}
'''6.''' Installation has begun. Soon you will be able to enjoy your new {{{project}}} operating system.
'''Figure:''' ''ISO Calamares Install''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:ISO-calamares-install.png|600px|frameless|alt=ISO Calamares Install|ISO Calamares Install]]
}}
'''7.''' Installation has been completed. Please uncheck the restart option to avoid booting to the same device again. Click Done when finished.
'''Figure:''' ''ISO Calamares Uncheck Restart''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Calamares-uncheck-restart.png|600px|frameless|alt=Calamares Uncheck Restart|Calamares Uncheck Restart]]
}}
'''8.''' On the Xfce Panel, click on the ''Applications'' icon and launch the ''Logout'' application.
'''Figure:''' ''Xfce Launch Logout''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:launch-logout.png|600px|frameless|alt=Launch Logout|Launch Logout]]
}}
'''9.''' On the ''Logout'' application, click on Shut Down.
'''Figure:''' ''Xfce Shutdown''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:logout.png|600px|frameless|alt=Logout|Logout]]
}}
}}
{{Box|text=
== Remove installation media ==
Please remove the USB flash drive that was used to install {{project_name_short}}.
}}
{{Box|text=
== Boot installed {{{project}}} ==
'''1.''' Power on the computer. If you boot from the correct device (where {{{project}}} {{{flavor_case_sensitive}}} is installed), you will face the following bootloader screen. Please wait some seconds for the operating system to start. If you didn't boot with the correct device, repeat the [[ISO#Boot_the_ISO|step 3]] to select the correct drive.
'''Figure:''' ''Installed Kicksecure GRUB''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Kicksecure-GRUB.png|600px|frameless|alt=Kicksecure GRUB|Kicksecure GRUB]]
}}
'''2.''' After boot, you will encounter the login manager, you may fill the fields with the following values.
{{Default_Passwords}}
'''3.''' After login, the {{{project}}} Setup Wizard will pop up, follow its instructions.
'''Figure:''' ''Installed Kicksecure Desktop Setup Wizard''
{{ContentImage|
[[File:Iso-installed-setup-wizard.png|600px|frameless|alt=ISO Installed Setup Wizard|ISO Installed Setup Wizard]]
}}
}}
{{Box|text=
== Done ==
The process of installing {{{project}}} {{{flavor_case_sensitive}}} has been completed, enjoy!
Continue your journey by reading [[Documentation#First_{{non_q_project_name_short}}_Steps|First {{non_q_project_name_short}} Steps]] documentation.
}}
{{box|text=
== Support the Future of {{project_name_short}} ==
{{donation_appeal_download}}
}}
= License =
{{License_Amnesia|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}
= Footnotes =
{{footer}}
[[Category:MultiWiki]]